Steam-generator.



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STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 22, moa.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

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No. 769,373. PATENTED MAYN, 1904.

J. E. BEAM.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1903.

N l E l PATBNTED MAY 17, 1904.

No. 760,373. EETENTEE MAY 17, 1904.

J. E. BEAM. STEAM GENERATOR.

- APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. l760,373. Patented May 17, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB B. BEAM, OE BIGRUN, PENNSYLVANA, ASSIGNORTO THE BEAM COKE OVENSTEAM BOILER POWER COMPANY, OE PUNXSUIAVVNEY, PENNSYLVANIA, ACORPORATION OF NORTH DAKOTA.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 760,373, dated May 1'7,1904.

. Application filed August 22, 1903. Serial No. 170,384. i (No model.)

T 'CY/Uf 1071/071@ 7375 Wwf?! (30W/WW: portion of the drum, throughwhich the escap- Be it .known that I, JACOB B; BEAM, a citiing gases areconducted in such manner as to zen of the United States, residing' atBigrun, superheat the steam. The shell of the boiler in the county ofJefferson and State of Pennis provided on opposite sides with hollow 5Sylvania, have invented certain new and usewings, which are closed onall sides except ful Improvements in Steam Generators, of those next theboiler-shell, with the interior which the following is a specification.of which they communicate. These wings The object of my invention is toprovide a are so arranged as to form' partitions in the steamgeneratorin which the boiler and its easing, which divide it into two parts and10 setting are so arranged that Vthe maximum cause the gases or productsof combustion heating' effect is obtained from the fuel, a which enteron one side of the partitions to more thorough circulation of water andsteam pass upward in` contact with the tubes and is effected, andeXtra-dry steam under high shell on one side and then downward incontension is obtained. tact with the tubes and shell on the opposite 15Anotherl object of my invention is to proside, thus causing the water onone side to be vide a steam-generator which may efiiciently heated to agreater degree than on the oppouse the waste gases from coke-ovens. siteside, and as the hot gases pass out through In carrying out my inventionin the way the center of the boiler this part thereof renow best knownto me I cause the gases from ceives the least degree of heat, so thatthe zo coke -oVens or other sources of heat to pass water is caused tocirculate` most efficiently. into the generator near its lower end andThe lower part of the upper head or drum thence pass vertically upwardalong one side is connected on cach side by a vertical pipe 7o of theboiler, then downward on the oppowith the lower portion of the lowerdrum and site side thereof, and then upward through also with the lowerportion of one of the hol- 25 the shell or central portion of theboiler. p The low water wings or partitions, so thatian outboilercomprises a vertical central portionfor side circulation may lbeeffected, and in case shell having at each end an enlarged head or thewater-level falls very lo'w a circulation 75 drum which communicate withthe shell and may be carried on between the water-wings whichcommunicate with each other by means and the lower drum. Theorganization is 3o of vertical water-tubes surrounding the shell. suchthat several distinct circulations of water In one form of the inventionvertical smokeare maintained at the saine time, owing to tubes arearranged to pass through the shell the different degrees of heat towhich differ 8o and convey the hot gases or products of coment parts ofthe water are subjected and to bustion from the lower portion of thegenerathe special provisions for effecting suoli eir- 3 5 tor to a stackat the top thereof. In another culation. Circulation of steam is alsomaini form of the invention these smoke-tubes are tained in thesteam-space of the upper drum, omitted and apfeed-water heater is placedand bubbling or splashing of water is prewithin the shell for thepurposeof raising the vented from saturating the steam by meanstemperature of the water before it is delivof baie-plates placed overthe upper ends of 40 ered to the boiler. This heater consists of thewater-tubes.

two annular heads connected by vertical tubes, y The organization of thegenerator as a the heads being divided into sections, so that whole issuch as to obtain a large capacity for 9o water adlnitted at the bottomof the heater steam-generation within a small space. All will be causedto traverse the tubes succesparts of the boiler except a limited portion4 5 sively. The upper boiler-head or drum is of at the top are exposedto the direct action of somewhat greater dimensions than the lower hotgases, and there are no dead spaces where one, the water-level thereinbeing suliiciently the heat of such gases is lost before entering low toafford a large steam-space in the upper the smoke-box.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l shows a vertical central sectionthrough the preferred form of steam-generator made in accordance with myinvention. Fig. 2 shows a similar section taken at right angles to thatshown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a transverse section on the line 3 3 ofFig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a transverse section on the line 4 i of Fig. 2.Fig. 5 shows a vertical central section of a modification in which thesmoketubes shown in Fig. 1 are replaced by a vertical feed-water heater.Fig. 6 is a view in perspective with parts broken away of the feed-waterheater shown in Fig. 5.

In the several figures the unfeathered arrows indicate the courses ofthe hot gases, while the feathered arrows indicate the circulation ofwater and steam.

The boiler setting or casing A may be built of any suitable material andis adapted to accommodate my improved upright water-tube boiler, whichcomprises a shell B, connected at opposite ends with upper and lowerdrums CD. The upper drum is of much larger capacity than the lower one,so as to provide a steam-space in its upper portion. Surrounding theshell are vertical water-tubes E, which communicate with the drums. InFigs, l and 2, F indicates smoke-tubes which pass vertically through theshell and through lboth drums and open at their upper ends intoA thesmoke-stack G or a smoke-box below the stack. At their lower ends thesmoke-tubes open into a chamber Hbelow the lower drum D. The upper drumC is surrounded bya space or annular chamber I in the casing, throughwhich the hot gases pass, and this chamber is contracted at just belowthe upper drum and there communicates with a somewhat narrower chamberJ, through which the water-tubes and shell extend. This chamber isenlarged at j and communicates with the enlarged annular chamber K,surrounding the lower drum D. This chamber is closed at the bottom onone side by the ledge or shelf r, on which the drum rests; but on theopposite side it opens into the chamber H below the lower drum. Thechamber J is divided by vertical partitions L M, which extend from nearthe top of the lower drum to a point just below the upper drum,preferably just at the lower end of the contracted part of the chamberI. These partitions form wings projecting from the shell and extendinglaterally therefrom to the casing A, with which they make close contact.The wings or partitions are hollow and closed on all sides except thosenext the shell, with the interior of which theycommunicate by means oforifices m. The setting or casing is provided with suitablecleaning-holes N, closed by doors n, and the upper drum is provided withhand-holes having removable cov-. ers O, by means of which access may behad to the interior of the upper drum and to the water-tubes. The shellis braced at opposite ends by rods P, and a steam-escape pipe Q isprovided and fitted with a safety-valve of ordinary construction.

Q indicates a steam-gage, and Q2 a watergage. l

Ordinarily the water stands at the level indicated, and in order toprevent the water from being thrown up from the water-tubes E into thesteam-space G', I provide baiiieplates R, which surround the smoke-tubesand stand immediately over the water tubes. These baffle-plates arepreferably made in four segments, resting at their ends on brackets R.The ends of the .plates come quite close together, but do not touch,there being interposed between them vertical lugs fr, which project fromthe brackets. These lugs are perforated transversely and receive pinsr2, which serve to lock the plates in place. Vhen it is desired to cleanthe tubes E, the covers O may be removed, and by withdrawing the pins r2the plates R may be lifted from the brackets and set to one side, thusexposing the tubes and permitting of their being inspected and cleaned.

S indicates two pipes set in the casing A on opposite sides of theboiler and each communicating at its upper end with the lower portionyof the upper drum C and at its lower end with the lower portion of thelowerdrum D. Each such pipe also communicates, by means of a branch pipes, with the lower portion of a 'wing orpartition L or M.

T indicates the feed-water pipe, and T the blow-off pipe.

indicates hand-.holes in the lower drum, by means of which access may behad to this drum and to the lower ends of the watertubes. v

The hot gases or products of combustion are admitted through a iue U,which vmay be opened and closed by a valve U'. The flue opens into thechamber K above the ledge and the hot gases traverse the courseindicated by the unfeathered arrows. .The gases iirst pass up throughthat side of the chamber J immediately over Y the flue U, and they areconfined by the wings or partitions L M to onehalf of this chamber. Theythen pass into the chamber I surrounding the upper drum, and thence passdown through the chamber J on the opposite side .of the partitions L M.These gases then pass into the annular chamber K and thence to thechamber H, from which they rise through the smoke-tubes F and pass intothe smoke box or stack G. By this arrangement the water-tubes on therighthand side of the boiler as viewedin Fig. l will be intenselyheated. hand side will also be heated to a high temperature, but in lessdegree, while the water in the shell will receive the least heat. Thismethod of circulating the hot gases produces several currents of hotwater and steam. These are indicated by feathered arrows. In

IOO

IIO

Those on the left- 2 on both sides of the wings the hot water risesthrough the tubes and descends through the shell. In Fig. 2 the arrows 2indicate a separate circulation through the wings L and M. The wingsbeingl most highly heated, the water will rise in the wings and descendwithin the shell. There is also a separate water circulation through thepipes S. In Fig. 2 the arrows 3 show how the water rises from some ofthe water-tubes, passes down through the pipes S, and thence into thelower drum, from which it rises into the water-tubes. Should thewater-level by any chance fall below the upper drum, a circulation ofwater may still be maintained in the manner indicated by the arrows 4.In this case the water will rise from the lower drum into the shell,thence pass through the wings L and M into the branch tubes s, andthence downward through the lower portions of the pipes S. Such lattercirculation, however, does not normally occur. It only occurs when thewater-levelis low. These separate water circulations do not in any wayinterfere with each other, as' those portions of the water whichascendin one circulating system are adjacent to those portions whichascend in other circulations. The construction is such also as toproduce a circulation of steam in the steam-space C'. This is indicatedin Fig. 2. The arrows 5 show how the steam ascends near the outside ofthe drum, where the heat is greatest. The arrows 6 indicate howthe'steam ascends near the central part of the drum surrounding thesmoke-tubes, where the heat is also great. The arrows 7 show how thesteam descends at that part of the drum where the heat is least and thesteam is not so dry as in other parts of the steam-space. In this way Iam enabled to obtain superheated steam at high tension and in largequantities from a comparatively small quantity of water or from watercontained within a comparatively small space.

yIn Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown a modification. The only difference,however, between the boiler-shell in Figs. l to 4, inclusive, and thatshown in Figs. 5 and 6 is that the smoketubes F are omitted and afeed-water heater V employed. Therefore the parts shown in Fig. 5, whichcorrespond to those shown in Figs. 1 to 4, are similarly lettered. Alarge cylinder W passes centrally through both drums and through theshell B, opening at its lower end into the chamber H and at its upperend into the smoke-stack (nr. The products of combustion or hot gasesenter at U, pass up along one side of the partitions M, through thechamber I, and down on the opposite sides of the partitions into thechamber H. Thence they pass up through the cylinder W and out throughthe smoke-stack (i. Within the cylinder WV the feed-water heater V islocated. It comprises upper and lower annular heads V V2, connected byvertical tubes V2. The lower head V2 is located at the lower end of thecylinder l/V and is supported by a standard Y, which is formed with lugsy, bolted to lugs e, projecting laterally from the interior of the headV2. The lower head is centralized by means of laterallyprojeeting lug'se', and similar lugs centralize the upper head V', which is located nearthe top of the cylinder W. The tubes there- .fore extend from the bottomof the lower drum to the top of the upper drum, and they may be held inposition about midway between their ends by a spacing-ring W. Water issupplied under pressure or by means of an injector through a .pipe Z,provided with a check-valve and communicating with the lower head V2. iThe heated water is taken from the upper head V by a pipe Z2 andconveyed to the lowerdrum I). In order to cause the Water to traverseall the tubes successively, each head V' or V2 is divided into sec tionsin the manner indicated in Fig. 6 by means of plates or partitions e2.The pipe Z enters a compartment e2, which communicates with a singletube. From this compartment the water passes up through the tubeimmediately over it and into a compartment e" in the upper head V',which communicates not only with the tube last mentioned, but also withone other tube, so that the water is caused to descend through thisadjacent tube in the manner indicated in Fig. 2 and pass down intoanother comliartment in the lower head V2, which communicates with oneother tube, causing the water to pass up this tube and through anothercompartment communicate with a tube which conveys the water downward.The other compartments are similarly arranged, so as to cause the waterentering at Z to successively traverse all the tubes and finally reach acompartment e2, which couimunicates only with one tube-namely, thatthrough which the water last passes. From this compartment the waterpasses into the pipe Z2, through which it conveyed to the boiler. Thecirculation of steam and water is indicated by the feathered arrows inFig. 5, it being' similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2; but in' thisconstruction the steam not heated to as high a degree as is the case inthe construction shown' in Figs. l and 2. Nevertheless the organizationas a whole is such as to quickly raise water to the boilingpoint,liberate steam therefrom, and to super.

heat the steam to such a degree as to make it most efficient.

I claim as my inventioni l. A steam-generator comprising a casing orsetting having chambers around the boiler for the circulation of gases,and a boiler therein consisting' of a shell, drums at opposite endsthereof and communicating therewith, verti# IOO IIO

tions dividing the gas-circulating chambers, and a central passagethrough the shell and drums for the escape of gases.

2. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, and aboiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and connectedtherewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, verticalpartitions dividing the gas-circulating chambers into uptake anddowntake passages for the gases and smoke-tubes extending through theshell and drums through which the gases escape.

3. A steam-generator Acomprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, and 'a chamber below theboiler, and a boiler within said casing consisting of a shell, drums atopposite ends thereof and communicating therewith, vertical water-tubesconnecting the drums, partitions dividing the gas-circulating chambersand a central passage through the shell and drums and communicating withthe chamber below the boiler for the escape of gases.

4. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, and a chamber below theboiler', partitions dividing the gas-circulating chamber into two parts,one of which communicates with an entrance-Hue and the other of whichcommunicates with a chamber below the boiler, and a boiler consisting ofa shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and communicating therewith,vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, and a central passagecommunicating with the chamber below the boiler and extending throughthe shell and drums.

5. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and connectedtherewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, partitionsdividing the gas-circulating chambers, a central passage through theshell and drums and an outside pipe connecting' the lower portion of theupper drum with the lower portion of the lower drum.

6. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof, and communicatingtherewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, partitionsdividing the gas-circulating chambers, a central passage through theshell and drums, an outside pipe connecting the two drums and a branchpipe connecting said outside pipe with the shell.

7. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and communicatingtherewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, partitionsdividing the gas-circulating chambers, a central passage through theshell and drums, outside pipes connecting the drums and branch pipesfrom said outside pipes connected with the interior of the shell.

8. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting' having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, having a lower drum and an upper drum providedwith a steam-space in its upper portion, connections between the shelland drums,vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, and anescape-passage for the gases extending centrally through the shell andthe drums and serving to heat the water in the shell and drums and alsothe steam in the upper drum.

9. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having' chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, a lower drumand an upper drum having asteam-space in its upper portion, connections between the drums and theshell, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, partitions dividingthe gas-circulating chambers, a chamber below the boiler, andsmoke-tubes connected with said chamber and extending through the lowerdrum, the shell, and through the steam-space of the upper drum.

l0. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases, and a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and communicatingtherewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, and hollowpartitions or wings dividing the g'as-circulating chambers andcommunicating with the interior of the shell.

1l. A steam-generator comprisinga casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases and a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and communicatingtherewith, vertical ywater-tubes connecting the drums, hollow partitionsor wings dividing the gas-circulating chambers and communicating withthe interior of the shell, and a central passage through the shell anddrums for the escape of gases. y

l2. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler for the circulation of gases and a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereof and communicatingtherewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums, hollow wings orpartitions dividing the gas-circulating chambers and communicating withthe interior of the shell, a chamber below the boiler and smoke-tubescommunicating with said chamber and extending through the shell anddrums.

13. A steam-generator comprising a casing IOO IIO

or setting having chambers around the boiler for the circulation ofgases, a boiler therein consisting or' a shell, drums at opposite endsthereof and communicatingl therewith, verti cal water-tubes connectingthe drums, hollow partitions or wings dividing the gas-circulatingchambers and communicating with the interior oi' the shell, a centralpassage through the shell and drums Jfor the escape of gases, andoutside pipes connecting the drums and connected with the wings oi' theshell.

11i. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround the boiler 'for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereofl and communicatingtl1erewitli,ve1'tical water-tubes connecting the drums, partitionsdividing the gas-circulating chambers, a eentral passage through theshell and drums for the escape of gases and baile-plates surround ingthe central passage and arranged over the water-tubes.

15. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having chambersaround lthe boiler for the circulation of gases, a boiler thereinconsisting of a shell, drums at opposite ends thereoi:l andcommunicating therewith, vertical water-tubes connecting the drums,partitions dividing' the gas-ci rcnlating chambers, a chamber below theboiler, smoke-tubes communieating with said chamber and extendingthrough the shell and drums, a steam-space in the upper drum andbalile-platcs surrounding the smokestubes and arranged over thewatertubes.

16. A steam-generator comprising a casing or setting having a centralchamber communieating with enlarged chambers at opposite ends,partitions dividing the central chamber, and a chamber at the lower endof the casing communicating with the lower enlarged chamber, aboiler-shellwithin the middle chamber, drums communicating with theshell and arranged in the two enlarged chambers at opposite ends oi' themiddle chamber, water-tubes connecting the drums and smoke-tubescommunicating with the bottom chamber and extending through the shelland drums.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto sub scribed my name.

JACOB B. BEAM. Vitnesses:

LLOYD B. VIGi-IT, K. H. FENNING.

